Energy storage battery cabinets are integral components of energy storage systems. Their operation on the grid side involves energy charge/discharge management, system protection, and coordination with the grid. Below are the key steps and considerations for operating energy storage battery cabinets on the grid side:

1. Pre-Startup Checks

Equipment Status

• Ensure the battery cabinet is in standby mode.

• Check the battery modules, electrical connections, and cooling system for normal operation and the absence of alarms.

• Verify that the DC bus voltage is within the normal range and the system is properly grounded.

External Conditions

• Confirm that grid voltage and frequency are stable and meet interconnection requirements.

• Ensure distribution panel breakers and protection devices are in good condition.

• Check that the communication system (e.g., EMS/BMS) is functional and commands are accessible.

2. System Startup

Preparation for Grid Connection

• Close the grid-side circuit breaker to establish the connection between the grid and the storage system.

• Start the power conversion system (PCS) and complete grid self-checks.

• Activate the energy storage battery cabinet and confirm it is in operational status.

Select Grid Connection Mode

• Peak Shaving and Valley Filling: Set a charge/discharge plan to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak demand.

• Frequency Regulation: Dynamically adjust battery output power based on grid frequency deviations.

• Voltage Regulation: Support grid voltage stability.

• Backup Power Mode: Provide emergency power during grid outages.

3. Operation During Runtime

Energy Management

• Charging: Charge the battery using a constant current or constant voltage mode based on grid instructions.

• Discharging: Discharge the battery at constant power or in tracking mode as required by the grid.

• Status Monitoring: Continuously monitor battery status (SOC, SOH), temperature, and current fluctuations.

Load Management

• Adjust the power output of the storage system according to grid load demands for optimal energy distribution.

• Avoid overloading or prolonged high-power operation to extend battery lifespan.

Safety Protection

• Overcharge Protection: Automatically stop charging when SOC approaches 100%.

• Overdischarge Protection: Cease discharging when SOC nears the lower limit.

• Temperature Protection: Monitor battery temperature and activate cooling or shutdown if needed.

• Fault Isolation: Immediately disconnect the system during overvoltage, overcurrent, or short-circuit conditions.

4. Shutdown and Maintenance

Normal Shutdown

• Sequentially shut down the battery cabinet and disconnect the DC output.

• Stop PCS operation and disconnect from the grid.

• Turn off all power switches to ensure the system is completely powered down.

Routine Maintenance

• Inspect battery cells for consistency (voltage, capacity, temperature).

• Clean the battery cabinet interior and ensure proper ventilation.

• Test the reliability of protective devices and calibrate sensors and monitoring equipment.

5. Key Considerations

• Follow Protocols: Operate strictly according to technical specifications for the battery cabinet and grid connection.

• Real-Time Monitoring: Use the EMS/BMS system for real-time operational data to avoid anomalies.

• Ensure Safety: Wear appropriate insulated protective gear during operations to guarantee personnel safety.

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