Cylindrical battery cells: The winding process is mature. The earliest cylindrical lithium-ion battery was invented by Sony Corporation of Japan in 1992, model 18650. Cylindrical battery cells have high energy density and high standardization, but due to poor radial thermal conductivity, the single cell capacity cannot be very high. They were mostly used in laptops in the early days. The most representative application is Tesla's 4680 cylindrical battery.

Square shell battery cells: Mostly use winding or lamination process, with a relatively simple structure and regular shape, so the space utilization rate and grouping efficiency are high. Generally, there is an explosion-proof valve design, which is safer. It is most widely used in new energy vehicles (mid-to-high-end models) and energy storage systems.

Soft pack battery cells: Generally use aluminum plastic film as the packaging material, and the internal lamination process is used. High energy density, but poor mechanical strength and poor heat dissipation performance, mostly used in high-end new energy vehicles, 3C products and drones.