1.Capacity configuration: It should be combined with the installed photovoltaic capacity, load curve and diesel engine power. Usually, it is designed as "20%-30% of the average daily photovoltaic power generation".

BMS optimization: Multi-level protection (overcharge/discharge, temperature balancing), precise SOC calibration (error < 3%).

Thermal management: Liquid cooling solution (high-density cabinet) or forced air cooling (low-cost scenario), maintaining the cell temperature between 15-35℃.

 Seamless off-grid switching

Use hybrid inverters (such as Huawei, SunPower solutions), with switching time < 10ms to avoid sensitive loads from crashing.