Power battery system: A lithium-ion battery system used to drive vehicles.

Characteristics: Compared with energy storage batteries, power batteries are relatively simple and consist of the battery pack, BMS (Battery Management System), and high-voltage box. Due to the complex working conditions such as vehicle movement and temperature changes, power battery systems have higher reliability requirements for battery vibration and other aspects. These factors should be fully considered during the design process.

1. Road vehicles:

> Buses/Heavy trucks: The voltage platform of buses is generally between 500V and 650V. The capacity is usually between 160Ah and 304Ah, and may be externally 2-parallel or 3-parallel. Commonly used cells are 173Ah, 230Ah, 280Ah, and 304Ah. Typically, the batteries of buses are laid flat on both sides or the rear of the bus floor, while those of heavy trucks are placed at the rear of the cab.

2. Industrial vehicles:

> Forklifts: The voltage platform of forklifts is generally 25.6V (8 series), 51.2V (16 series), 64V (20 series), or 76.8V (24 series); the capacity is usually 150Ah, 200Ah, 230Ah, 280Ah, etc.

> Aerial work platforms: The voltage platform is generally 25.6V (8 series); the capacity is usually 200Ah, 230Ah, 280Ah, etc.

3. Low-speed vehicles:

> Three-wheel and four-wheel vehicles: The voltage platform is generally 64V (20 series) or 76.8V (24 series); the capacity is usually 60Ah, 80Ah, 100Ah.

4. Parking batteries: The voltage platform is generally 25.6V (8 series), and the capacity is usually 170Ah, 230Ah, 280Ah.